The external cause for the large scope and long duration of haze which frequently appeared in China in January 2013 was the stable synoptic conditions however, the internal cause was related to the PM 2.5 or PM 1 and their precursor pollutants, such as SO 2, NO 2, NH 3 and VOCs etc., which heavily exceeded the environmental capacity determined by conditions such as local weather and terrain. The haze-affected area reached 1,300,000 km 2 in January 2013 4. According to the safety standard of the World Health Organization (WHO) (10 μg/m 3), downtown Beijing air conditions exceeded the standard for nearly the whole month. Therein, downtown Beijing's PM 2.5 level exceeded the Second Grade National Standard of China (75 μg/m 3, the Ambient Air Quality Standard planned to be implemented in 2016) for 22 days and exceeded the First Grade National Standard (35 μg/m 3) for 27 days. According to the statistical data from monitoring by the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei regions experienced five severe haze episodes (peak concentrations of PM 2.5 over 300 μg/m 3) in January 2013 alone. In recent years, haze in China's eastern region has increased in frequency of occurrence as well as the area of the affected region. Haze is a phenomenon caused by fine particles (PM 1 or PM 2.5), resulting in the decline of atmospheric visibility. This has led to complex air pollution and is a new situation that developed countries have not experienced ever before. Coal burning, motor vehicles and industrial emission pollution, which have been seen in developed countries at different times, all contribute to a high burden and heavy composite atmospheric pollution in China nowadays. The Chinese economy is undergoing high-speed development that is heavily dependent on coal consumption as its main energy source. However, the intrinsic cause for haze formation is still not clear. The key factors that affect the formation and evolution of haze include emission of primary pollutants, secondary aerosol formation from homogeneous and heterogeneous reactions and hygroscopic growth of aerosols 1, 2, 3. In contrast, up to now, the main cause of heavy haze in China has been widely studied but not yet fully elucidated. The primary pollutants in these events were clearly revealed in these incidents. The “Great Smog of 1952 in London” was mainly caused by SO 2 emitted from coal burning. Reviewing the history, the “Photochemical Smog Event in Los Angeles”, which took place in the 1940s–1950s, was mainly caused by photochemical reaction of NOx ( = NO + NO 2) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from motor vehicle exhaust. This is all information that I have tested, and agree with.Įdit: It's worth noting that the purple character is capable of wall-climbing a single wall higher than the other characters, because she can jump out from the wall and back onto it more times with her three jumps.China's air pollution has been a global concern for decades. I have the time, I might post a video of all the comparisons. There are also other things that I still need to test, likeĪcceleration and momentum, that appear to differ from one another. A double jump puts him at about one sprite-height higher than Blue's max height.Īs far as I could tell, all of their wall climbing abilities are equal. Purple: Much shorter, but has a triple jump instead of double, which equals the height of Blue.Spot as Blue, so if my math is right, one dash is about one-fifth shorter than Blue's. After Purple made five dashes, it would require an entire sixth dash to end up in the same After five consecutive dashes, Red would be standing directly behind Blue. Red: Slightly shorter distance covered.Green: Equal length but slightly wider.Purple: Again, much shorter in length, only about half or three-fifths as long, but equally as wide.Possible that it is also slightly quicker. Again, measuring in sprites, the length is about one sprite longer than Blue's. If you measure the length in the width of the character sprites, it is about one sprite shorter than Blue's. Purple: Much shorter in both width and length.Attack speed is either slightly slower or the same. Red: About the same length, but not quite as wide as Blue's.Blue: Standard length and width (height).
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |